INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF KINETIN AND SPERMINE ON ANATOMICAL ADAPTATIONS AND PRODUCTIVITY TO SEAWATER SALINITY IN WHEAT

Author(s): Heshmat Soliman Aldesuquy* and Bardees Mohmed Mickky

Abstract

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the beneficial effect of grain presoaking in kinetin (0.1mM), spermine (0.3mM) or their interaction on wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Sakha 93 on some anatomical features in flag leaf as and pedicle of main shoot as well as grain yield at ear emergence (after 65 days from sowing) by measuring leaf thickness, ground tissue thickness, number of hairs, meta-xylem vessel area, xylem vessel area, phloem tissue area, vascular bundle tissues area, number of motor cells as well as number of opened and closed stomata on both upper and lower epidermis and some anatomical features of peduncle (peduncle diameter, tracheids area, meta-xylem vessel area, xylem area, phloem area, vascular area, number of vascular bundle as well as opened and closed stomata) of wheat plants. Wheat plants respond to seawater salinity with characteristic modifications in their anatomy to counter the ill effect of seawater stress. Therefore, Irrigation of wheat plants with seawater caused significant increase in leaf and ground tissue thickness in flag leaves as well as meta-xylem vessel area, xylem vessel area, vascular bundle area in flag leaf and peduncle of main shoot of wheat plants. However, irrigation of wheat plants with seawater decreased phloem area in flag leaves and peduncle of the main shoot of wheat plants. The application of kinetin, spermine or their interaction induced some modifications in the anatomical features of the flag leaf and peduncle of the main shoot which appeared to be an adaptive response to salinity stress caused by seawater. Furthermore, grain priming with kinetin, spermine or their interaction increased phloem thickness in both leaf and peduncle of main shoot and consequently induced rapid rate of translocation of photo-assimilates from flag leaf to developing grains in spikes and consequently increase productivity of wheat plants irrigated by seawater.

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