EXOSOMES: BIOLOGY, FUNCTION AND DIAGNOSTIC POTENTIAL

Author(s): Nishant Kumar

Abstract

Exosomes are small (30-100nm) vesicles that are generated intracellularly through the inward invagination of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and released from cells when MVBs fuse with the plasma membrane. The exosomes contain mRNAs, miRNAs, proteins and various other signaling molecules. These fuse with other cells, release their contents in the recipient cells, where the mRNAs, miRNA and other exosome contents exert their functional effect. The molecular contents of exosomes depend on the patho-pyhysiological status of the cells and this property, nowadays, is utilized in the discovery of novel biomarkers of diseases.

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